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Sand Filters

A Pressure Sand Filter (PSF) is designed to remove suspended solids, turbidity, and particulate impurities from water. It operates under pressure to ensure efficient filtration and is commonly used in water treatment plants, industrial processes, and municipal water supplies.

Components of a Pressure Sand Filter

  1. Filter Vessel:
    • Typically made of materials like mild steel with epoxy coating or rubber lining, stainless steel, or FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) or Polyglass
    • Designed to withstand high pressures.
  2. Filter Media:
    • Composed of layers of sand and other granular materials such as pebbles and silex sand or glass media made of virgin glass or recycled glass.
    • Sometimes includes activated carbon or anthracite for enhanced filtration.
  3. Multi-port valve:
    • Side Mounted or Top Mounted
    • Ensures uniform distribution of water during filtration and prevents media from escaping.
  4. Inlet and Outlet Pipes:
    • For water inflow and filtered water outflow.
  5. Pressure Gauges:
    • To monitor operating pressure and detect clogging.
  6. Backwash System:
    • Used to clean the filter media by reversing the flow of water.

Working Principle

  1. Filtration Mode:
    • Water enters the filter under pressure.
    • Suspended particles are trapped within the sand media while clean water passes through.
  2. Backwashing:
    • Over time, trapped impurities clog the filter media.
    • The filter is cleaned by reversing the water flow, dislodging the trapped particles, which are then flushed out.

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